# Redwood AI, brain Redwood AI is 1X Technologies' onboard vision-language-action control model for the NEO humanoid, recorded in the registry as a brain distinct from the separate 1X World Model. A roughly 160-million-parameter vision-language transformer tailored to the humanoid form factor, Redwood runs fully onboard NEO's embedded GPU at about 5 Hz and serves as the deployed real-time control and action policy, performing end-to-end mobile bi-manual manipulation, whole-body control, navigation, retrieving objects, and opening doors, trained on teleoperated and autonomous EVE and NEO episodes including learning from failure rollouts. It is distinct from the 1X World Model, a generative physics-grounded world model released in January 2026 for prediction, training, and evaluation: Redwood is the on-robot controller while the World Model is a generative simulation and learning substrate whose outputs are translated to motion by a separate inverse-dynamics model, so the two differ in model class, deployment role, release date, and training method rather than one being a rebrand of the other. Released around June 10, 2025, Redwood is closed and proprietary and is recorded at pilot maturity: it runs on real early-access NEO units offered at twenty thousand dollars or four hundred ninety-nine dollars per month, but 1X describes it as early in development that does not always succeed on the first try, and autonomous operation in customer homes is a stated goal rather than verified, so it is not presented as mass-shipped production. - **Slug:** 1x-redwood - **Type:** Foundation model - **Maturity (DEPLOY ladder):** Pilot - **Open source:** no ## Architecture 160M-parameter vision-language-action (VLA) transformer; onboard, ~5Hz; end-to-end mobile manipulation ## Key facts - **Model class:** ~160M-parameter vision-language-action (VLA) transformer; runs fully onboard NEO's embedded GPU at ~5Hz; end-to-end mobile bi-manual manipulation + whole-body control + navigation. Trained on teleoperated + autonomous EVE/NEO episodes, learning from failure rollouts. - **Distinct from 1X World Model (the distinctness call):** Redwood = the on-robot CONTROL policy (released ~Jun 10 2025). 1X World Model (registry slug 1x-world-model) = a GENERATIVE physics-grounded world model (Jan 2026) for prediction/training/evaluation, whose outputs are converted to motion by a separate inverse-dynamics model. Different model class, deployment role, release date, and training methodology - NOT a rebrand or subset. This is a verified genuine net-new, not the false-absent pattern. - **Brain-boundary test:** PASS - named onboard foundation control model with a published artifact (1x.tech technical page) AND demonstrated on-robot wiring (runs across NEO). AI-as-primary. - **Open/closed:** Closed / proprietary - no open release stated by 1X (cap-flag: licensing not explicitly disclosed; treated closed pending confirmation, same gap as the 1X World Model). - **Maturity = pilot (cap-flag):** Runs on REAL early-access NEO units ($20K or $499/mo), but 1X explicitly calls it early in development that doesn't always succeed first try; autonomous operation in customer homes is a stated goal, not verified. Recorded pilot, not mass-shipped production. - **Wiring:** Powers 1x-neo (the NEO humanoid). Verifiable: Redwood IS NEO's onboard control policy (1X-stated + on-robot demonstrated). ## Developed by (1) - [1X Technologies](/companies/1x-technologies.md) ## Powers (1) - [NEO](/models/1x-neo.md) (1X Technologies) ## Sources (4) 1. **Redwood AI: a vision-language transformer for the humanoid form factor, end-to-end mobile manipulation, onboard NEO at ~5Hz (160M params)** · https://www.1x.tech/discover/redwood-ai 2. **1X's NEO humanoid gains autonomy with new Redwood AI model (deployed onboard; early in development)** · https://www.therobotreport.com/1xs-neo-humanoid-gains-autonomy-with-new-redwood-ai-model/ 3. **1X unveils Redwood AI: a unified onboard brain for NEO** · https://www.humanoidsdaily.com/feed/1x-unveils-redwood-ai-a-unified-onboard-brain-for-its-neo-humanoid-robots 4. **1X releases World Model (Jan 2026) - the SEPARATE generative world model, for distinctness contrast** · https://techcrunch.com/2026/01/13/neo-humanoid-maker-1x-releases-world-model-to-help-bots-learn-what-they-see/ ## Common questions ### What is Redwood AI? Redwood AI is 1X Technologies' onboard vision-language-action control model for the NEO humanoid, recorded in the registry as a brain distinct from the separate 1X World Model. A roughly 160-million-parameter vision-language transformer tailored to the humanoid form factor, Redwood runs fully onboard NEO's embedded GPU at about 5 Hz and serves as the deployed real-time control and action policy, performing end-to-end mobile bi-manual manipulation, whole-body control, navigation, retrieving objects, and opening doors, trained on teleoperated and autonomous EVE and NEO episodes including learning from failure rollouts. It is distinct from the 1X World Model, a generative physics-grounded world model released in January 2026 for prediction, training, and evaluation: Redwood is the on-robot controller while the World Model is a generative simulation and learning substrate whose outputs are translated to motion by a separate inverse-dynamics model, so the two differ in model class, deployment role, release date, and training method rather than one being a rebrand of the other. Released around June 10, 2025, Redwood is closed and proprietary and is recorded at pilot maturity: it runs on real early-access NEO units offered at twenty thousand dollars or four hundred ninety-nine dollars per month, but 1X describes it as early in development that does not always succeed on the first try, and autonomous operation in customer homes is a stated goal rather than verified, so it is not presented as mass-shipped production. ### What type of AI is Redwood AI? Redwood AI is a foundation model on the DEPLOY registry. It is proprietary. ### Who developed Redwood AI? Redwood AI is credited to 1X Technologies on the DEPLOY registry. Each developer attribution is verified via primary sources. ### Which robots run on Redwood AI? 1 robot model on the DEPLOY registry runs on Redwood AI: NEO. ### Is Redwood AI open source? No. Redwood AI is recorded as proprietary on the DEPLOY registry. Model weights and source are not publicly available. ### What is Redwood AI's maturity stage? Redwood AI is at the pilot stage on the DEPLOY maturity ladder. Pilot stage means at least one named-customer trial deployment is verified. _API: GET /v1/brains/32c15d38-a0e4-4f8c-926c-8b962d4cfd41 · canonical URL: /brains/1x-redwood_