# pi0 (and pi0.5), brain

Physical Intelligence's open VLA flow model. A roughly 3B-parameter VLM backbone produces motor commands at up to 50 Hz across multiple robot platforms. Trained on internet-scale vision-language data, Open X-Embodiment, and Physical Intelligence's dexterous-manipulation dataset. The first robotics foundation model ported to Hugging Face LeRobot. pi0.5 (September 2025) added open-world generalization.

- **Slug:** pi0
- **Type:** Foundation model
- **Maturity (DEPLOY ladder):** Research
- **Open source:** yes

## Architecture

VLA flow model, roughly 3B-parameter VLM backbone, motor commands at up to 50 Hz, cross-embodiment across 8 platforms: UR5e, Bimanual UR5e, Franka, Bimanual Trossen, Bimanual ARX, Mobile Trossen, Mobile Fibocom. Trained on internet-scale vision-language data, Open X-Embodiment, and Physical Intelligence's dexterous-manipulation dataset. PyTorch and JAX implementations.


## Key facts

- **DEPLOY maturity rationale:** Open foundation model in broad developer use; re-derived as research-to-commercial; recorded here as research given primary use is research/development
- **Open-sourced:** February 2025 via the openpi repository
- **Tuning data efficiency:** 1 to 20 hours of data sufficient to tune for a new platform
- **pi0.5:** September 2025: added open-world generalization
- **Powered platforms (research, not registry models):** UR5e, Bimanual UR5e, Franka, Bimanual Trossen, Bimanual ARX, Mobile Trossen, Mobile Fibocom
- **Hosted by:** Hugging Face LeRobot


## Developed by (1)

- [Physical Intelligence](/companies/physical-intelligence.md)


## Hosted by (1)

- [LeRobot](/brains/lerobot.md) (Framework)


## Sources (3)

1. **Physical Intelligence: openpi repository (primary)** · https://github.com/Physical-Intelligence/openpi
2. **Hugging Face Blog: pi0 on LeRobot** · https://huggingface.co/blog/pi0
3. **The Robot Report: pi0 coverage** · https://www.therobotreport.com/


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