{"id":"7eb8aac5-48fd-4c23-913e-1197493eb3c7","slug":"nhtsa-sgo-30610-14554","kind":"collision","headline":"ADS crash report in Miami, FL involving a TOYOTA Highlander (NHTSA SGO 30610-14554)","summary":"A Zoox vehicle in autonomous mode was traveling east on  [XXX] toward  [XXX] in Miami when the operator of a wrong-way-parked semi-trailer suddenly swung open the rear door of the trailer into the path of the approaching Zoox vehicle. The door struck the Zoox vehicle's right-side A-pillar, windshield, and sensor assembly. After the impact, the trailer's door rebounded and struck the operator behind it. The Zoox vehicle operator then disengaged from autonomous mode. The police and emergency personnel arrived at the scene. The operator was transported by an ambulance from the scene.","occurredAt":"2026-03-01T12:00:00.000Z","reviewStatus":"reviewed","modelId":"e94a4a69-6197-45c9-bf9a-1cb637f307bd","deploymentId":"e6292f16-2468-4143-a222-4dca1a64b6c5","companyId":"6ab92a95-6f4e-4493-a771-ae645c7969c6","dataCenterId":null,"aliases":[],"collisionRisk":"none","reviewNote":null,"severity":"moderate","rootCauseCategory":null,"rootCauseDetail":null,"affectedUnitsCount":null,"affectedUnitsBasis":null,"remediationStatus":null,"regulatoryAction":null,"regulatoryBody":null,"propertyDamageEstimateUsd":null,"damageEstimateBasis":null,"bodilyInjurySeverity":null,"fatalityCount":null,"lossCostClass":null,"sourceQualityTier":null,"oshaRecordable":null,"oshaCaseNumber":null,"rootCauseDisclosed":null,"publicDisclosureDate":null,"insuranceClaimPublic":null,"formFactor":null,"latitude":{"s":1,"e":1,"d":[25,7617000]},"longitude":{"s":-1,"e":1,"d":[80,1918000]},"autonomyClass":null,"legalOutcomeClass":"unknown","createdAt":"2026-07-12T05:01:05.695Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-04T05:01:47.146Z","model":{"id":"e94a4a69-6197-45c9-bf9a-1cb637f307bd","companyId":"6ab92a95-6f4e-4493-a771-ae645c7969c6","modelName":"Zoox Robotaxi","slug":"zoox-robotaxi","description":"Zoox's purpose-built bidirectional autonomous robotaxi, designed from scratch without a steering wheel or pedals and featuring carriage-style seating for four passengers (two facing forward, two backward). [Amazon](/companies/amazon) acquired [Zoox](/companies/zoox) in June 2020 for approximately $1.3 billion. The vehicle is battery-electric with a 133 kWh pack and a manufacturer-claimed top speed of 120 km/h. On August 10, 2026, Zoox launched its first-ever paid commercial ride-hailing service in [Las Vegas](/locations/las-vegas-nevada-usa) under NHTSA's temporary exemption allowing up to 2,500 vehicles annually for two years. Free demonstration rides continue in [San Francisco](/locations/san-francisco-california-usa). Zoox has issued three NHTSA software recalls in 2025 for unexpected braking, a Las Vegas collision, and unnecessary lane-crossings.","formFactor":"av","industryVertical":"passenger_transport","environment":"road","maturityStage":"commercial","lifecycleState":"active","supersededByModelId":null,"specs":{"power":"battery-electric","range":"16 h continuous","design":"purpose-built, bidirectional (symmetrical front-rear)","pedals":"none","battery":"133 kWh","seating":"4 passengers, carriage-style (2 forward-facing, 2 backward-facing)","max_speed":"75 mph","battery_kwh":133,"recall_date":"May 2025 (touchscreen freeze, traction control loss)","max_speed_kmh":120,"parent_company":"Amazon (acquired June 2020 for ~$1.3B)","steering_wheel":"none","public_demo_cities":"San Francisco CA, Las Vegas NV"},"manufacturerSerial":null,"reviewStatus":"reviewed","sources":[{"url":"https://techcrunch.com/2025/05/06/amazon-owned-zoox-issues-recall-following-robotaxi-crash/","label":"Amazon-owned Zoox issues recall following robotaxi crash","title":"Amazon-owned Zoox issues recall following robotaxi crash","mediaType":"article","sourceName":"TechCrunch","publishedAt":"2025-05-06"},{"url":"https://zoox.com/","title":"Zoox (official) - purpose-built autonomous robotaxi (Amazon subsidiary)","sourceName":"Zoox (official)"},{"url":"https://www.cnbc.com/2025/09/10/amazons-zoox-jumps-into-us-robotaxi-race-with-las-vegas-launch-.html","title":"Amazon's Zoox launches public driverless robotaxi service in Las Vegas (Sept 10, 2025)","sourceName":"CNBC"},{"url":"https://www.cnbc.com/2025/09/10/amazons-zoox-robotaxi-san-francisco-public-rides.html","label":"Amazon's Zoox robotaxi launches public rides in San Francisco","title":"Amazon's Zoox robotaxi launches public rides in San Francisco","mediaType":"article","sourceName":"CNBC","publishedAt":"2025-09-10"},{"url":"https://zoox.com/vehicle/","label":"Zoox Vehicle Overview","title":"Zoox Vehicle Overview","mediaType":"article","sourceName":"Zoox (official)","publishedAt":"2020-12-14"},{"url":"https://zoox.com/common/files/202507-zoox-vehicle-brochure-pdf.pdf","title":"Introducing Zoox","sourceName":"Zoox (official)"}],"aliases":["Zoox purpose-built robotaxi"],"collisionRisk":"low","reviewNote":null,"manufacturerTermForTeleop":null,"keyFacts":[{"label":"Configuration","value":"Purpose-built and bidirectional, with no steering wheel or pedals and 4-wheel steering."},{"label":"Test fleet","value":"Retrofitted Toyota Highlanders with safety operators."},{"label":"Dimensions and speed (company-stated)","value":"3,630 mm long, 1,936 mm high, an 8.4 m turning circle and a 75 mph top speed in either direction."},{"label":"Battery (company-stated)","value":"All-electric, up to 16 hours on a single charge."},{"label":"Perception (company-stated)","value":"Cameras, radars and lidars give a 360-degree overlapping view, seeing over 150 m in all directions."}],"createdAt":"2026-05-26T18:25:09.786Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-10T05:06:45.771Z","unitsInFieldClaimed":100,"unitsInFieldVerified":229,"unitsManufacturedClaimed":null,"unitsManufacturedVerified":null,"unitsAsOf":"2026-07-08T00:00:00.000Z","unitsSource":[{"url":"https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2026-03-24/zoox-robotaxis-to-roam-in-more-san-francisco-areas-new-cities","label":"Zoox has a fleet of around 100, a company spokesperson said"},{"url":"https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-california-robotaxi-registered-vehicles-drivers-2025-12","label":"The agency said Zoox has 229 registered vehicles"},{"url":"https://www.instagram.com/p/DZBbunKAnFX/","label":"Zoox, owned by Amazon, has 35 authorized robotaxis"}],"salesModel":"not_sold","priceUndisclosedSince":null,"autonomyClass":"autonomous","autonomyStatement":null,"autonomyStatementSource":null,"demoForensics":null,"exportControlClass":null,"minCommitment":null,"warrantyTerms":null,"serviceModel":null,"productionRateClaimed":null,"productionRateEvidenced":null,"teleopRatioDisclosed":null,"interventionRateDisclosed":null},"deployment":{"id":"e6292f16-2468-4143-a222-4dca1a64b6c5","modelId":"e94a4a69-6197-45c9-bf9a-1cb637f307bd","versionId":null,"locationId":"8937eb26-1342-4bfa-a38c-1dc3f8c8dbba","operatorId":"6ab92a95-6f4e-4493-a771-ae645c7969c6","ownerId":null,"slug":"zoox-robotaxi-miami-florida-usa","status":"pilot","firstSeen":"2025-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","statusChangeReason":null,"contractType":null,"pilotOutcome":null,"endedAt":null,"unitsOnSite":null,"tasksPerformed":["delivery"],"shiftStructure":null,"hoursPerDay":16,"siteType":"airport","operatorConfirmed":false,"humanSupervisionOnsite":null,"locationPrecisionTier":"verified_coordinates","deploymentScale":"small_2_10","siteEnvironment":"outdoor","operatorType":"maker_operated","sourceQualityTier":2,"manufacturerSerial":null,"reviewStatus":"reviewed","sources":[{"url":"https://refreshmiami.com/news/zoox-to-begin-testing-robotaxi-service-in-miami-and-austin/","title":"Zoox to begin testing robotaxi service in Miami and Austin","sourceName":"Refresh Miami","publishedAt":"2026-03-24"}],"notes":"Zoox Robotaxi (Zoox) operating in Miami. Status: pilot.","keyFacts":[{"label":"City","value":"Miami, FL"},{"label":"Status","value":"Public rides planned before end of 2026"},{"label":"Source","value":"Quartz (July 2026)"}],"reviewNote":null,"exposureHours":null,"deploymentMilesEstimate":null,"exposureBasis":null,"customerSegment":"logistics","scaleTier":"pilot_lt10","contractValueUsd":null,"contractValueBasis":null,"customerCompanyId":null,"customerExternalName":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-22T20:43:23.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-21T17:09:53.357Z"},"company":{"id":"6ab92a95-6f4e-4493-a771-ae645c7969c6","name":"Zoox","slug":"zoox","description":"Autonomous-vehicle company founded ~2014 by [Jesse Levinson](/people/jesse-levinson) and [Tim Kentley-Klay](/people/tim-kentley-klay), acquired by [Amazon](/companies/amazon) in 2020 for over $1 billion. [Zoox](/companies/zoox) develops a purpose-built, bidirectional [robotaxi](/models/zoox) with no steering wheel or pedals, plus a retrofitted [Toyota](/companies/toyota) Highlander test fleet. On August 10, 2026, Zoox launched its first-ever paid commercial ride-hailing service in [Las Vegas](/locations/las-vegas-nevada-usa), following NHTSA's July 30 temporary exemption allowing up to 2,500 vehicles annually for two years. Free demonstration rides continue in [San Francisco](/locations/san-francisco-california-usa) (SoMa). Zoox also tests with human safety operators in Austin, [Miami](/locations/miami-florida-usa), Seattle, and [Los Angeles](/locations/los-angeles-california-usa) using retrofitted Highlanders. The company has faced significant regulatory scrutiny including three NHTSA software recalls in 2025 and ongoing probes. [Amazon](/companies/amazon) has positioned Zoox as its entry into autonomous ride-hailing, though it trails [Waymo](/companies/waymo) in commercial deployment scale.","status":"subsidiary","founded":2014,"hq":"Foster City, California, USA","hqLat":37.5600336,"hqLng":-122.2688522,"hqGeocodedAt":"2026-08-05T14:56:33.423Z","hqAddress":null,"hqPrecision":null,"website":"zoox.com","fundingTotal":"1800000000","type":"both","roles":["robot_maker","robot_operator"],"reviewStatus":"reviewed","heatIndex":85,"lifecycleState":"active","supersededByCompanyId":null,"sources":[{"url":"https://techcrunch.com/2025/05/06/amazon-owned-zoox-issues-recall-following-robotaxi-crash/","title":"Zoox — Amazon-owned, purpose-built robotaxi + Highlander test fleet, SF/Vegas/Austin/Miami/Seattle, recalls","sourceName":"TechCrunch","publishedAt":"2025-05-06"},{"url":"https://techcrunch.com/2024/10/30/zoox-custom-robotaxis-are-finally-coming-to-san-francisco-and-las-vegas","title":"Zoox custom robotaxis to SF (SoMa) and Las Vegas (Strip); founded ~2014; Amazon 2020","sourceName":"TechCrunch","publishedAt":"2024-10-30"},{"url":"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/amazon-robotaxis-software-recall","title":"Zoox runs free public robotaxi rides in SF + Las Vegas; needs federal approval for paid; plans to charge 2026","sourceName":"Interesting Engineering","publishedAt":"2025-12-23"},{"url":"https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/company-news/were-acquiring-zoox-to-help-bring-their-vision-of-autonomous-ride-hailing-to-reality","title":"We're acquiring Zoox — Amazon announces agreement to acquire Zoox (no purchase price disclosed in the release)","sourceName":"Amazon (aboutamazon.com)","publishedAt":"2020-06-26"},{"url":"https://zoox.com/","title":"Zoox - purpose-built autonomous robotaxi (official)","sourceName":"Zoox (official)"},{"url":"https://www.cnbc.com/2025/09/10/amazons-zoox-jumps-into-us-robotaxi-race-with-las-vegas-launch-.html","title":"Amazon's Zoox launches public driverless robotaxi in Las Vegas (Sept 2025)","sourceName":"CNBC"},{"url":"https://electrek.co/2026/03/24/zoox-expands-current-service-area-and-is-bringing-its-purpose-built-robotaxi-to-two-new-cities/","title":"Zoox expands service area and to two new cities (Mar 2026)","sourceName":"Electrek"},{"url":"https://www.amazon.science/latest-news/how-the-zoox-robotaxi-predicts-everything-everywhere-all-at-once","title":"Amazon Science - how the Zoox driving stack (perception/prediction/planning) works","sourceName":"Amazon Science"},{"url":"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-03-24/amazon-s-zoox-plans-to-expand-robotaxi-rides-to-austin-miami","title":"Amazon's Zoox plans to expand robotaxi rides to Austin and Miami (Mar 2026)","sourceName":"Bloomberg"},{"url":"https://fortune.com/2025/12/08/amazon-robotaxi-service-zoox-plans-fees-vegas-san-francisco/","title":"Amazon's Zoox to start charging for rides in 2026 (Dec 2025)","sourceName":"Fortune"},{"url":"https://zoox.com/common/files/global-202603-zoox-press-kit-backgrounder.pdf","title":"Zoox press kit backgrounder (Mar 2026)","sourceName":"Zoox"},{"url":"https://techcrunch.com/2026/09/17/amazon-owned-zooxs-100-robotaxi-limit-in-nevada-is-about-to-disappear/","title":"Amazon-owned Zoox's 100-robotaxi limit in Nevada is about to disappear","sourceName":"TechCrunch"},{"url":"https://sd15.senate.ca.gov/news/major-victory-public-safety-accountability-oversight-and-emergency-response-standards","title":"Major Victory for Public Safety as Accountability, Oversight, and Emergency-Response Standards Governing Autonomous Vehicles is Signed into Law","sourceName":"Office of Senator Dave Cortese","publishedAt":"2026-09-30"},{"url":"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1246","title":"SB-1246 Autonomous vehicles. (2025-2026)","sourceName":"California Legislative Information"},{"url":"https://techcrunch.com/2026/10/01/robotaxi-operators-will-face-fines-for-blocking-first-responders/","title":"Robotaxi operators will face fines for blocking first responders","sourceName":"TechCrunch","publishedAt":"2026-10-01"}],"keyFacts":[{"label":"Robotaxi (company-stated)","value":"In 2020 Zoox unveiled its purpose-built robotaxi with no steering wheel or driver's seat, the year it joined Amazon."},{"label":"Nevada permit (reported, Sep 2026)","value":"Its Nevada permit with a 100-vehicle cap was set to expire Sep 25 2026, per TechCrunch."},{"label":"Paid rides (reported, Sep 2026)","value":"Las Vegas is the only city where Zoox charges for rides; California charging awaits another permit."},{"label":"California SB 1246 (state, Sep 2026)","value":"Signed Sep 30 2026; by July 2028 remote AV drivers must be US-based and licensed, and operators must alert local agencies during system failures."},{"label":"SB 1246 first-responder rules","value":"Requires on-site incident technicians and local penalties when an AV blocks responders for over 30 minutes. DMV rules pending."}],"aliases":["Zoox Inc","Amazon Zoox","Zoox robotaxi"],"collisionRisk":"low","reviewNote":null,"atsProvider":null,"atsSlug":null,"factoryLocations":null,"manufacturingCapacity":null,"orgType":null,"burnSignal":null,"litigationEvents":null,"insurancePostureDisclosed":null,"unitEconomicsDisclosed":null,"tickerSymbol":null,"stockExchange":null,"secCik":null,"revenueUsd":null,"revenueBasis":null,"revenueAsOf":null,"employeeCount":2200,"employeeCountBasis":null,"employeeCountAsOf":null,"marketCapUsd":null,"marketCapAsOf":null,"marketCapSource":null,"createdAt":"2026-05-26T18:25:08.712Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-10T03:05:31.791Z"},"derived":{"status":"active"},"sources":[{"id":"331c8d2b-77ff-4173-8386-bb2a8e06c518","incidentId":"7eb8aac5-48fd-4c23-913e-1197493eb3c7","url":"https://www.nhtsa.gov/laws-regulations/standing-general-order-crash-reporting#report-30610-14554","label":null,"publishedAt":null,"notes":null,"title":null,"sourceName":null,"mediaType":"article","videoId":null,"channel":null,"durationSec":null,"timestampSec":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-12T05:01:05.720Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-04T05:01:47.132Z"}],"responses":[],"statusEvents":[],"jsonLd":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https://registry.deploy.report/incidents/nhtsa-sgo-30610-14554","url":"https://registry.deploy.report/incidents/nhtsa-sgo-30610-14554","headline":"ADS crash report in Miami, FL involving a TOYOTA Highlander (NHTSA SGO 30610-14554)","description":"A Zoox vehicle in autonomous mode was traveling east on  [XXX] toward  [XXX] in Miami when the operator of a wrong-way-parked semi-trailer suddenly swung open the rear door of the trailer into the path of the approaching Zoox vehicle. The door struck the Zoox vehicle's right-side A-pillar, windshield, and sensor assembly. After the impact, the trailer's door rebounded and struck the operator behind it. The Zoox vehicle operator then disengaged from autonomous mode. The police and emergency personnel arrived at the scene. The operator was transported by an ambulance from the scene.","identifier":"7eb8aac5-48fd-4c23-913e-1197493eb3c7","datePublished":"2026-03-01T12:00:00.000Z","articleSection":"collision","publisher":{"@id":"https://deploy.report/#organization"},"author":{"@id":"https://deploy.report/#organization"}},"framework_metadata":{"framework_schema_version":"0.1.0","verification_status":"verified","maturity_stage":null,"lifecycle_state":null,"architectural_position":{"cohort":null,"sub_cohorts":[]},"within_cohort_verified_vs_claimed_pair":null,"cap_flags":[],"verification_depth":{"sources_count":1,"primary_source_types":["primary-regulatory-filing"]}}}