{"id":"cd43f3a7-a5f7-4f5e-b7be-e4b53a734ede","slug":"jaxa-cyberattack-2023","kind":"other","headline":"JAXA servers compromised in unauthorized access incident","summary":"JAXA discovered unauthorized access to its internal servers in October 2023, following a notification from an external organization. The investigation, conducted with security experts, confirmed that information related to activities with external organizations and personal information was compromised. Over 10,000 files may have leaked, including data on partners such as NASA, Toyota, and the Defense Ministry. A China-affiliated hacker group was reportedly involved. JAXA implemented countermeasures and strengthened security protocols.","occurredAt":"2023-10-01T00:00:00.000Z","reviewStatus":"reviewed","modelId":"1c3eedb7-e6f3-42dd-a389-5427e5aa1be3","deploymentId":"2e9da3c2-566e-4db1-b2cf-fce4586b44c1","companyId":"cb870451-dba4-4457-9548-ac73fc43f747","dataCenterId":null,"aliases":[],"collisionRisk":"none","reviewNote":null,"severity":"moderate","rootCauseCategory":null,"rootCauseDetail":null,"affectedUnitsCount":null,"affectedUnitsBasis":null,"remediationStatus":null,"regulatoryAction":null,"regulatoryBody":null,"propertyDamageEstimateUsd":null,"damageEstimateBasis":null,"bodilyInjurySeverity":null,"fatalityCount":null,"lossCostClass":null,"sourceQualityTier":null,"oshaRecordable":null,"oshaCaseNumber":null,"rootCauseDisclosed":null,"publicDisclosureDate":null,"insuranceClaimPublic":null,"formFactor":null,"latitude":null,"longitude":null,"autonomyClass":null,"legalOutcomeClass":"unknown","createdAt":"2026-07-13T23:06:23.799Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-21T04:49:46.535Z","model":{"id":"1c3eedb7-e6f3-42dd-a389-5427e5aa1be3","companyId":"cb870451-dba4-4457-9548-ac73fc43f747","modelName":"Int-Ball","slug":"int-ball","description":"JAXA JEM Internal Ball Camera: a free-flying, self-propelled spherical camera drone inside the ISS Japanese Experiment Module, controlled by JAXA ground operators to record crew operations (offloading photo/video chores from astronauts). Autonomous free-flight and station-keeping; tasking is ground-directed. Int-Ball 1 launched 2017-06-03; Int-Ball2 (2023-06-06) adds a stereo camera, IMU and autonomous docking.","formFactor":"space","industryVertical":"space","environment":"space","maturityStage":"research","lifecycleState":"active","supersededByModelId":null,"specs":{"role":"ISS internal free-flying camera","autonomy":"autonomous free-flight/station-keeping; ground-directed tasking","launched":"2017-06-03"},"manufacturerSerial":null,"reviewStatus":"reviewed","sources":[{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Int-Ball","title":"Int-Ball","sourceName":"primary/credible"},{"url":"https://iss.jaxa.jp/en/kiboexp/news/170714_int_ball_en.html","title":"First disclosure of images taken by the Kibo's internal drone Int-Ball","sourceName":"JAXA"},{"url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8741689/","title":"Int-Ball: Crew-Supportive Autonomous Mobile Camera Robot on ISS/JEM","sourceName":"IEEE"}],"aliases":["JEM Internal Ball Camera","Int-Ball2"],"collisionRisk":"low","reviewNote":"reverified 2026-06-09 (Kimi-incident remediation): cited primary source resolves and matches manufacturer/reputable domain; relevance adjudicated.","manufacturerTermForTeleop":null,"keyFacts":[{"label":"Focus","value":"Japan's national space agency"},{"label":"Robot","value":"Developer of the Int-Ball free-flying ISS camera drones"},{"label":"Product","value":"Int-Ball free-flying ISS camera drone"},{"label":"Research areas","value":"lunar robotics, satellite servicing, debris removal"}],"createdAt":"2026-06-06T00:40:03.249Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-12T04:24:53.823Z","unitsInFieldClaimed":null,"unitsInFieldVerified":null,"unitsManufacturedClaimed":null,"unitsManufacturedVerified":null,"unitsAsOf":null,"unitsSource":null,"salesModel":null,"priceUndisclosedSince":null,"autonomyClass":null,"autonomyStatement":null,"autonomyStatementSource":null,"demoForensics":null,"exportControlClass":null,"minCommitment":null,"warrantyTerms":null,"serviceModel":null,"productionRateClaimed":null,"productionRateEvidenced":null,"teleopRatioDisclosed":null,"interventionRateDisclosed":null},"deployment":{"id":"2e9da3c2-566e-4db1-b2cf-fce4586b44c1","modelId":"1c3eedb7-e6f3-42dd-a389-5427e5aa1be3","versionId":null,"locationId":"5fe59ad9-1543-4b12-b030-a20d6614c778","operatorId":"cb870451-dba4-4457-9548-ac73fc43f747","ownerId":null,"slug":"int-ball-iss-jem","status":"ended","firstSeen":"2017-06-03T12:00:00.000Z","statusChangeReason":null,"contractType":null,"pilotOutcome":null,"endedAt":null,"unitsOnSite":null,"tasksPerformed":["delivery"],"shiftStructure":null,"hoursPerDay":8,"siteType":"facility","operatorConfirmed":false,"humanSupervisionOnsite":null,"locationPrecisionTier":"verified_coordinates","deploymentScale":"undisclosed","siteEnvironment":"mixed","operatorType":"maker_operated","sourceQualityTier":2,"manufacturerSerial":null,"reviewStatus":"reviewed","sources":[{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Int-Ball","title":"Int-Ball","sourceName":"primary/credible"},{"url":"https://iss.jaxa.jp/en/kiboexp/news/170714_int_ball_en.html","title":"First disclosure of images taken by the Kibo's internal drone Int-Ball","sourceName":"JAXA"},{"url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8741689/","title":"Int-Ball: Crew-Supportive Autonomous Mobile Camera Robot on ISS/JEM","sourceName":"IEEE"}],"notes":"Delivered 2017-06-04 (SpaceX CRS-11). Initial checkout 2017 with astronauts Whitson, Fischer, Kanai. Active testing through 2017-2018. First JAXA autonomous camera drone in microgravity under remote ground control. Succeeded by Int-Ball2 (launched 2023-06, SpaceX CRS-28), which entered regular service 2024. Original Int-Ball is no longer active aboard ISS.","keyFacts":[{"label":"Mission","value":"JEM Internal Ball Camera"},{"label":"Site","value":"ISS Japanese Experiment Module (Kibo)"},{"label":"Status","value":"Int-Ball 1 (2017) plus Int-Ball2 (2023-06-06) operating; ground-directed free-flying camera"}],"reviewNote":null,"exposureHours":null,"deploymentMilesEstimate":null,"exposureBasis":null,"customerSegment":"research","scaleTier":"undisclosed","contractValueUsd":null,"contractValueBasis":null,"customerCompanyId":null,"customerExternalName":null,"createdAt":"2026-06-06T00:40:06.841Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-21T14:21:44.188Z"},"company":{"id":"cb870451-dba4-4457-9548-ac73fc43f747","name":"Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency","slug":"jaxa","description":"Japan's national aerospace agency, headquartered in Chōfu, Tokyo, formed in 2003 through the merger of three predecessor organizations (ISAS, NASDA, NAL). JAXA develops launch vehicles (H3, Epsilon S), satellites, and robotic systems including the [Int-Ball](/models/int-ball) autonomous camera drone deployed aboard the ISS Kibō module. The agency operates the Space Strategy Fund (¥1 trillion) to support Japan's domestic space industry.","status":"active","founded":2003,"hq":"Chōfu, Tokyo, Japan","hqLat":35.6506036,"hqLng":139.5407066,"hqGeocodedAt":"2026-08-05T14:35:04.086Z","hqAddress":null,"hqPrecision":null,"website":null,"fundingTotal":null,"type":"hardware","roles":["robot_maker","robot_operator"],"reviewStatus":"reviewed","lifecycleState":"active","supersededByCompanyId":null,"sources":[{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JAXA","title":"Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency","sourceName":"primary/credible"},{"url":"https://global.jaxa.jp/","title":"JAXA (official)","sourceName":"JAXA (primary)"},{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Int-Ball","mediaType":"article"}],"keyFacts":[{"label":"Focus","value":"Japan's national space agency"},{"label":"Robot","value":"Developer of the Int-Ball free-flying ISS camera drones"},{"label":"Product","value":"Int-Ball free-flying ISS camera drone"},{"label":"Research areas","value":"lunar robotics, satellite servicing, debris removal"},{"label":"Administrator","value":"Hiroshi Yamakawa"},{"label":"Annual budget","value":"¥215.5 billion (JFY 2023)"},{"label":"Space Strategy Fund","value":"¥1 trillion (established March 2024)"},{"label":"Predecessor agencies","value":"ISAS, NASDA, NAL"},{"label":"Hero image candidate","value":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/%28iss052e046674%29_Peggy_Whitson_with_JEM_Internal_Ball_Camera.jpg (source: Wikimedia Commons, public domain, NASA/Jack Fischer)"}],"aliases":[],"collisionRisk":"low","reviewNote":null,"atsProvider":null,"atsSlug":null,"factoryLocations":null,"manufacturingCapacity":null,"orgType":null,"burnSignal":null,"litigationEvents":null,"insurancePostureDisclosed":null,"unitEconomicsDisclosed":null,"tickerSymbol":null,"stockExchange":null,"secCik":null,"revenueUsd":null,"revenueBasis":null,"revenueAsOf":null,"employeeCount":null,"employeeCountBasis":null,"employeeCountAsOf":null,"marketCapUsd":null,"marketCapAsOf":null,"marketCapSource":null,"createdAt":"2026-06-06T00:40:01.207Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-21T22:16:11.266Z"},"derived":{"status":"active"},"sources":[{"id":"1e5c5b0e-e927-4925-bdb7-8b1188bd67ca","incidentId":"cd43f3a7-a5f7-4f5e-b7be-e4b53a734ede","url":"https://global.jaxa.jp/press/2024/07/20240705-2_e.html","label":null,"publishedAt":null,"notes":null,"title":null,"sourceName":null,"mediaType":"article","videoId":null,"channel":null,"durationSec":null,"timestampSec":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-13T23:06:24.598Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-13T23:06:24.598Z"},{"id":"ed1d3d3f-3bed-48bf-892c-c8e977609f1e","incidentId":"cd43f3a7-a5f7-4f5e-b7be-e4b53a734ede","url":"https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/06/21/japan/jaxa-cyberattacks/","label":null,"publishedAt":null,"notes":null,"title":null,"sourceName":null,"mediaType":"article","videoId":null,"channel":null,"durationSec":null,"timestampSec":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-13T23:06:25.373Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-13T23:06:25.373Z"}],"responses":[],"statusEvents":[],"jsonLd":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https://registry.deploy.report/incidents/jaxa-cyberattack-2023","url":"https://registry.deploy.report/incidents/jaxa-cyberattack-2023","headline":"JAXA servers compromised in unauthorized access incident","description":"JAXA discovered unauthorized access to its internal servers in October 2023, following a notification from an external organization. The investigation, conducted with security experts, confirmed that information related to activities with external organizations and personal information was compromised. Over 10,000 files may have leaked, including data on partners such as NASA, Toyota, and the Defense Ministry. A China-affiliated hacker group was reportedly involved. JAXA implemented countermeasures and strengthened security protocols.","identifier":"cd43f3a7-a5f7-4f5e-b7be-e4b53a734ede","datePublished":"2023-10-01T00:00:00.000Z","articleSection":"other","publisher":{"@id":"https://deploy.report/#organization"},"author":{"@id":"https://deploy.report/#organization"}},"framework_metadata":{"framework_schema_version":"0.1.0","verification_status":"verified","maturity_stage":null,"lifecycle_state":null,"architectural_position":{"cohort":null,"sub_cohorts":[]},"within_cohort_verified_vs_claimed_pair":null,"cap_flags":[],"verification_depth":{"sources_count":2,"primary_source_types":[]}}}