{"id":"dbb3aae9-5cb2-4bbc-83da-f4eec91730b8","slug":"zoox-lane-crossing-recall-2025-12","kind":"recall","headline":"Zoox recalled 332 robotaxis over unnecessary lane-crossings near intersections","summary":"In December 2025, Zoox issued a software recall covering 332 robotaxis after identifying 62 cases (between August 26 and December 5, 2025) where vehicles crossed lane markings unnecessarily near intersections; some partial, some fully into opposing lanes. The issue was first detected in late August after a robotaxi made a wide right turn and paused partially in the opposing lane in front of oncoming traffic. No collisions were associated with the issue, but Zoox told NHTSA it could increase crash risk. This was Zoox's third software recall in 2025 (after the March braking and May Las Vegas recalls), totaling nearly 900 vehicles across the three.","occurredAt":"2025-12-23T00:00:00.000Z","reviewStatus":"reviewed","modelId":"e94a4a69-6197-45c9-bf9a-1cb637f307bd","deploymentId":null,"companyId":"6ab92a95-6f4e-4493-a771-ae645c7969c6","aliases":[],"collisionRisk":"none","reviewNote":null,"severity":"minor","rootCauseCategory":"software_defect","rootCauseDetail":"62 cases of unnecessary lane-marking crossings near intersections (some into opposing lanes); software recall of 332 robotaxis.","affectedUnitsCount":332,"affectedUnitsBasis":"exact","remediationStatus":"remediated","regulatoryAction":"recall_ordered","regulatoryBody":"NHTSA","propertyDamageEstimateUsd":null,"damageEstimateBasis":null,"bodilyInjurySeverity":null,"fatalityCount":null,"lossCostClass":null,"sourceQualityTier":null,"oshaRecordable":null,"oshaCaseNumber":null,"rootCauseDisclosed":null,"publicDisclosureDate":null,"insuranceClaimPublic":null,"createdAt":"2026-05-26T18:25:11.382Z","updatedAt":"2026-06-24T23:33:41.852Z","model":{"id":"e94a4a69-6197-45c9-bf9a-1cb637f307bd","companyId":"6ab92a95-6f4e-4493-a771-ae645c7969c6","modelName":"Zoox Robotaxi","slug":"zoox-robotaxi","description":"Zoox's purpose-built bidirectional autonomous robotaxi, designed from scratch without a steering wheel or pedals and featuring carriage-style seating for four passengers (two facing forward, two backward). Amazon acquired Zoox in June 2020 for approximately $1.3 billion. The vehicle is battery-electric with a 133 kWh pack and a manufacturer-claimed top speed of 120 km/h; public demonstration rides have operated in San Francisco and Las Vegas. In May 2025 Zoox issued a software recall after a touchscreen freeze caused a loss of traction control in one vehicle during a test.","formFactor":"av","maturityStage":"pilot","lifecycleState":"active","supersededByModelId":null,"specs":{"power":"battery-electric","design":"purpose-built, bidirectional (symmetrical front-rear)","pedals":"none","seating":"4 passengers, carriage-style (2 forward-facing, 2 backward-facing)","battery_kwh":133,"recall_date":"May 2025 (touchscreen freeze, traction control loss)","max_speed_kmh":120,"parent_company":"Amazon (acquired June 2020 for ~$1.3B)","steering_wheel":"none","public_demo_cities":"San Francisco CA, Las Vegas NV"},"manufacturerSerial":null,"reviewStatus":"reviewed","sources":[{"url":"https://techcrunch.com/2025/05/06/amazon-owned-zoox-issues-recall-following-robotaxi-crash/","label":"Amazon-owned Zoox issues recall following robotaxi crash","title":"Amazon-owned Zoox issues recall following robotaxi crash","mediaType":"article","sourceName":"TechCrunch","publishedAt":"2025-05-06"},{"url":"https://zoox.com/","title":"Zoox (official) - purpose-built autonomous robotaxi (Amazon subsidiary)","sourceName":"Zoox (official)"},{"url":"https://www.cnbc.com/2025/09/10/amazons-zoox-jumps-into-us-robotaxi-race-with-las-vegas-launch-.html","title":"Amazon's Zoox launches public driverless robotaxi service in Las Vegas (Sept 10, 2025)","sourceName":"CNBC"},{"url":"https://www.cnbc.com/2025/09/10/amazons-zoox-robotaxi-san-francisco-public-rides.html","label":"Amazon's Zoox robotaxi launches public rides in San Francisco","title":"Amazon's Zoox robotaxi launches public rides in San Francisco","mediaType":"article","sourceName":"CNBC","publishedAt":"2025-09-10"},{"url":"https://zoox.com/vehicle/","label":"Zoox Vehicle Overview","title":"Zoox Vehicle Overview","mediaType":"article","sourceName":"Zoox (official)","publishedAt":"2020-12-14"}],"aliases":["Zoox purpose-built robotaxi"],"collisionRisk":"low","reviewNote":null,"manufacturerTermForTeleop":null,"keyFacts":[{"label":"Form factor","value":"av"},{"label":"Configuration","value":"purpose-built, bidirectional, no steering wheel or pedals"},{"label":"Maturity","value":"pilot"},{"label":"Test fleet","value":"retrofitted Toyota Highlander with safety operators"}],"createdAt":"2026-05-26T18:25:09.786Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T03:45:06.289Z","unitsInFieldClaimed":100,"unitsInFieldVerified":229,"unitsManufacturedClaimed":null,"unitsManufacturedVerified":null,"unitsAsOf":"2026-07-08T00:00:00.000Z","unitsSource":[{"url":"https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2026-03-24/zoox-robotaxis-to-roam-in-more-san-francisco-areas-new-cities","label":"Zoox has a fleet of around 100, a company spokesperson said"},{"url":"https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-california-robotaxi-registered-vehicles-drivers-2025-12","label":"The agency said Zoox has 229 registered vehicles"},{"url":"https://www.instagram.com/p/DZBbunKAnFX/","label":"Zoox, owned by Amazon, has 35 authorized robotaxis"}],"salesModel":"not_sold","priceUndisclosedSince":null,"autonomyClass":null,"autonomyStatement":null,"autonomyStatementSource":null,"demoForensics":null,"exportControlClass":null,"minCommitment":null,"warrantyTerms":null,"serviceModel":null,"productionRateClaimed":null,"productionRateEvidenced":null,"teleopRatioDisclosed":null,"interventionRateDisclosed":null},"deployment":null,"company":{"id":"6ab92a95-6f4e-4493-a771-ae645c7969c6","name":"Zoox","slug":"zoox","description":"Autonomous-vehicle company founded ~2014 by Jesse Levinson and Tim Kentley-Klay, acquired by Amazon in 2020 for over $1 billion. Zoox develops a purpose-built, bidirectional robotaxi with no steering wheel or pedals, plus a retrofitted Toyota Highlander test fleet. As of late 2025/early 2026, Zoox operates FREE public demonstration robotaxi rides (not yet paid commercial service) in parts of San Francisco (SoMa) and Las Vegas (the Strip), having opened to early riders/public after starting with employees and vetted guests in 2024. Zoox requires further federal approval before charging for rides and has stated it plans to begin paid commercial service in 2026. It also tests (with human safety operators) in Austin, Miami, Seattle, and Los Angeles using retrofitted Highlanders. Zoox has faced significant regulatory scrutiny: three software recalls in 2025 (258 vehicles in March for unexpected hard braking, ~270 in May after an April Las Vegas collision, and 332 in December for unnecessary lane-crossings near intersections), plus NHTSA probes. Amazon has positioned Zoox as its entry into autonomous ride-hailing, though it trails Waymo in commercial deployment.","status":"Amazon subsidiary","founded":2014,"hq":"Foster City, California, USA","fundingTotal":"1200000000","type":"both","reviewStatus":"reviewed","sources":[{"url":"https://techcrunch.com/2025/05/06/amazon-owned-zoox-issues-recall-following-robotaxi-crash/","label":"Zoox — Amazon-owned, purpose-built robotaxi + Highlander test fleet, SF/Vegas/Austin/Miami/Seattle, recalls","title":"Zoox — Amazon-owned, purpose-built robotaxi + Highlander test fleet, SF/Vegas/Austin/Miami/Seattle, recalls","mediaType":"article","sourceName":"TechCrunch","publishedAt":"2025-05-06"},{"url":"https://techcrunch.com/2024/10/30/zoox-custom-robotaxis-are-finally-coming-to-san-francisco-and-las-vegas","label":"Zoox custom robotaxis to SF (SoMa) and Las Vegas (Strip); founded ~2014; Amazon 2020","title":"Zoox custom robotaxis to SF (SoMa) and Las Vegas (Strip); founded ~2014; Amazon 2020","mediaType":"article","sourceName":"TechCrunch","publishedAt":"2024-10-30"},{"url":"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/amazon-robotaxis-software-recall","label":"Zoox runs free public robotaxi rides in SF + Las Vegas; needs federal approval for paid; plans to charge 2026","title":"Zoox runs free public robotaxi rides in SF + Las Vegas; needs federal approval for paid; plans to charge 2026","mediaType":"article","sourceName":"Interesting Engineering","publishedAt":"2025-12-23"},{"url":"https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/company-news/were-acquiring-zoox-to-help-bring-their-vision-of-autonomous-ride-hailing-to-reality","label":"We're acquiring Zoox — Amazon announces agreement to acquire Zoox (no purchase price disclosed in the release)","title":"We're acquiring Zoox — Amazon announces agreement to acquire Zoox (no purchase price disclosed in the release)","mediaType":"article","sourceName":"Amazon (aboutamazon.com)","publishedAt":"2020-06-26"},{"url":"https://zoox.com/","title":"Zoox - purpose-built autonomous robotaxi (official)","sourceName":"Zoox (official)"},{"url":"https://www.cnbc.com/2025/09/10/amazons-zoox-jumps-into-us-robotaxi-race-with-las-vegas-launch-.html","title":"Amazon's Zoox launches public driverless robotaxi in Las Vegas (Sept 2025)","sourceName":"CNBC"},{"url":"https://electrek.co/2026/03/24/zoox-expands-current-service-area-and-is-bringing-its-purpose-built-robotaxi-to-two-new-cities/","title":"Zoox expands service area and to two new cities (Mar 2026)","sourceName":"Electrek"},{"url":"https://www.amazon.science/latest-news/how-the-zoox-robotaxi-predicts-everything-everywhere-all-at-once","title":"Amazon Science - how the Zoox driving stack (perception/prediction/planning) works","sourceName":"Amazon Science"},{"url":"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-03-24/amazon-s-zoox-plans-to-expand-robotaxi-rides-to-austin-miami","title":"Amazon's Zoox plans to expand robotaxi rides to Austin and Miami (Mar 2026)","sourceName":"Bloomberg"},{"url":"https://fortune.com/2025/12/08/amazon-robotaxi-service-zoox-plans-fees-vegas-san-francisco/","title":"Amazon's Zoox to start charging for rides in 2026 (Dec 2025)","sourceName":"Fortune"}],"keyFacts":[{"label":"Owner","value":"Amazon (acquired 2020 for ~$1.2B)"},{"label":"Capital","value":"~$1.2B Amazon acquisition (2020); Amazon-funded since"},{"label":"Service","value":"FREE public demo rides (SF SoMa + Las Vegas Strip), not yet paid commercial"},{"label":"Vehicle","value":"Purpose-built robotaxi (no steering wheel/pedals) + Highlander test fleet"},{"label":"Paid commercial","value":"Planned 2026 (pending federal approval)"},{"label":"Safety record","value":"Three 2025 recalls (258 braking / 270 Vegas / 332 lane-crossing)"},{"label":"Acquisition disclosure","value":"Amazon announced its agreement to acquire Zoox on June 26, 2020; Amazon disclosed no purchase price"},{"label":"wikidata","value":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65121026"},{"label":"wikipedia","value":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoox"}],"aliases":["Zoox Inc"],"collisionRisk":"low","reviewNote":null,"atsProvider":null,"atsSlug":null,"factoryLocations":null,"manufacturingCapacity":null,"orgType":null,"burnSignal":null,"litigationEvents":null,"insurancePostureDisclosed":null,"unitEconomicsDisclosed":null,"createdAt":"2026-05-26T18:25:08.712Z","updatedAt":"2026-06-24T23:35:35.541Z"},"derived":{"status":"active"},"sources":[{"id":"e1300dde-e646-4a2f-8453-bccaa103b275","incidentId":"dbb3aae9-5cb2-4bbc-83da-f4eec91730b8","url":"https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/amazon-robotaxis-software-recall","label":"332-vehicle recall, 62 lane-crossing cases Aug-Dec 2025, third recall of the year","publishedAt":"2025-12-23T00:00:00.000Z","notes":null,"title":"332-vehicle recall, 62 lane-crossing cases Aug-Dec 2025, third recall of the year","sourceName":"Interesting Engineering","mediaType":"article","videoId":null,"channel":null,"durationSec":null,"timestampSec":null,"createdAt":"2026-05-26T18:25:11.541Z","updatedAt":"2026-05-26T18:25:11.541Z"},{"id":"0b6cd0ae-0588-410a-bd9a-709540a2f78e","incidentId":"dbb3aae9-5cb2-4bbc-83da-f4eec91730b8","url":"https://techcrunch.com/2025/12/23/zoox-issues-software-recall-over-lane-crossings/","label":"Zoox lane-crossing recall; no collisions but increased crash risk","publishedAt":"2025-12-23T00:00:00.000Z","notes":null,"title":"Zoox lane-crossing recall; no collisions but increased crash risk","sourceName":"TechCrunch","mediaType":"article","videoId":null,"channel":null,"durationSec":null,"timestampSec":null,"createdAt":"2026-05-26T18:25:11.691Z","updatedAt":"2026-05-26T18:25:11.691Z"},{"id":"050d3300-28f2-4c06-9786-4646a0a1cf78","incidentId":"dbb3aae9-5cb2-4bbc-83da-f4eec91730b8","url":"https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/amazons-zoox-recalls-332-vehicles-over-ads-software-error","label":null,"publishedAt":"2025-12-23T12:00:00.000Z","notes":null,"title":"Amazon's Zoox recalls 332 vehicles over ADS software error","sourceName":"CNBC (via Nasdaq)","mediaType":"article","videoId":null,"channel":null,"durationSec":null,"timestampSec":null,"createdAt":"2026-05-31T22:18:24.243Z","updatedAt":"2026-05-31T22:18:24.243Z"},{"id":"3d77c468-a613-47ef-9c99-453f860a0558","incidentId":"dbb3aae9-5cb2-4bbc-83da-f4eec91730b8","url":"https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/rcl/2025/RCLRPT-25E090-1680.pdf","label":null,"publishedAt":null,"notes":null,"title":"NHTSA Part 573 Safety Recall Report 25E090 (332 vehicles; unnecessary lane-crossings near intersections; 62 cases Aug 26-Dec 5 2025)","sourceName":"NHTSA (Part 573 filing)","mediaType":"article","videoId":null,"channel":null,"durationSec":null,"timestampSec":null,"createdAt":"2026-05-31T22:18:24.085Z","updatedAt":"2026-05-31T22:18:24.085Z"},{"id":"d70e5d30-ecc7-4e03-b875-586e1ce32559","incidentId":"dbb3aae9-5cb2-4bbc-83da-f4eec91730b8","url":"https://www.eweek.com/news/zoox-robotaxi-recall/","label":null,"publishedAt":null,"notes":null,"title":"Amazon's Zoox recalls 332 US vehicles due to software glitch (third 2025 recall)","sourceName":"eWEEK","mediaType":"article","videoId":null,"channel":null,"durationSec":null,"timestampSec":null,"createdAt":"2026-05-31T22:18:24.318Z","updatedAt":"2026-05-31T22:18:24.318Z"}],"responses":[],"statusEvents":[],"jsonLd":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https://registry.deploy.report/incidents/zoox-lane-crossing-recall-2025-12","url":"https://registry.deploy.report/incidents/zoox-lane-crossing-recall-2025-12","headline":"Zoox recalled 332 robotaxis over unnecessary lane-crossings near intersections","description":"In December 2025, Zoox issued a software recall covering 332 robotaxis after identifying 62 cases (between August 26 and December 5, 2025) where vehicles crossed lane markings unnecessarily near intersections; some partial, some fully into opposing lanes. The issue was first detected in late August after a robotaxi made a wide right turn and paused partially in the opposing lane in front of oncoming traffic. No collisions were associated with the issue, but Zoox told NHTSA it could increase crash risk. This was Zoox's third software recall in 2025 (after the March braking and May Las Vegas recalls), totaling nearly 900 vehicles across the three.","identifier":"dbb3aae9-5cb2-4bbc-83da-f4eec91730b8","datePublished":"2025-12-23T00:00:00.000Z","articleSection":"recall","publisher":{"@id":"https://deploy.report/#organization"},"author":{"@id":"https://deploy.report/#organization"}},"framework_metadata":{"framework_schema_version":"0.1.0","verification_status":"verified","maturity_stage":null,"lifecycle_state":null,"architectural_position":{"cohort":null,"sub_cohorts":[]},"within_cohort_verified_vs_claimed_pair":null,"cap_flags":[],"verification_depth":{"sources_count":5,"primary_source_types":["primary-regulatory-filing","secondary-industry-publication"]}}}