{"id":"26f86eb4-d10b-456d-8c67-49fff97234bb","slug":"uk-puwer-1998","kind":"operational_restriction","headline":"UK Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER): duties on businesses that use robots as work equipment","summary":"SI 1998/2306 came into force on 5 December 1998. It places duties on people and companies that own, operate or control work equipment, and on those who provide it for others' use. Work equipment includes any machinery or installation used at work, and use includes starting, stopping, programming, repairing and maintaining. Equipment must be suitable, maintained, inspected where safety depends on installation, guarded against dangerous parts, fitted with safe controls and isolation, and used only by people with adequate information and training. Regulations 25 to 30 add duties for mobile work equipment; HSE guidance says remote-controlled self-propelled equipment must stop safely and automatically if it leaves its control range and be protected against crushing or impact with people. When providing new machinery, users must check it carries conformity marking, a declaration of conformity and English instructions; supplier marking does not end the user's duty. Status: in force (Great Britain). Applicability: any business deploying humanoids, AMRs or cobots in a GB workplace must meet PUWER for that equipment. Verified on 2026-10-26.","locationId":"84e0a0ff-62f3-4522-b9c6-30c1ed454ad2","effectiveAt":"1998-12-05T00:00:00.000Z","expiresAt":null,"reviewStatus":"unreviewed","formFactors":["humanoid","quadruped","service","delivery","sidewalk","other"],"jurisdiction":"UK","complianceDeadline":null,"enforcementEvents":null,"aliases":[],"collisionRisk":"none","reviewNote":null,"createdAt":"2026-10-26T19:59:27.464Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-26T20:00:34.037Z","location":{"id":"84e0a0ff-62f3-4522-b9c6-30c1ed454ad2","name":"United Kingdom","slug":"united-kingdom","kind":"country","parentLocationId":null,"region":"Western Europe","lat":55.3781,"lng":-3.436,"reviewStatus":"reviewed","aliases":["UK","Britain","Great Britain"],"collisionRisk":"high","reviewNote":null,"createdAt":"2026-05-31T04:22:22.268Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-09T01:55:24.321Z"},"derived":{"status":"in_effect"},"sources":[{"id":"0eb8e97b-887a-449c-a8d2-7696516e337d","regulationId":"26f86eb4-d10b-456d-8c67-49fff97234bb","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/2306/contents","label":"The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (SI 1998/2306)","publishedAt":null,"notes":null,"title":"The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (SI 1998/2306)","sourceName":"legislation.gov.uk","mediaType":"article","videoId":null,"channel":null,"durationSec":null,"timestampSec":null,"createdAt":"2026-10-26T19:59:28.290Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-26T19:59:28.290Z"},{"id":"1569d11e-59d6-410e-9cbc-6b267d85125b","regulationId":"26f86eb4-d10b-456d-8c67-49fff97234bb","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/2306/regulation/1/made","label":"PUWER 1998, regulation 1: citation and commencement","publishedAt":null,"notes":null,"title":"PUWER 1998, regulation 1: citation and commencement","sourceName":"legislation.gov.uk","mediaType":"article","videoId":null,"channel":null,"durationSec":null,"timestampSec":null,"createdAt":"2026-10-26T19:59:29.132Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-26T19:59:29.132Z"},{"id":"1c0c39c0-982e-4055-bef4-71164b48d832","regulationId":"26f86eb4-d10b-456d-8c67-49fff97234bb","url":"https://www.hse.gov.uk/work-equipment-machinery/puwer-overview.htm","label":"PUWER overview","publishedAt":null,"notes":null,"title":"PUWER overview","sourceName":"Health and Safety Executive","mediaType":"article","videoId":null,"channel":null,"durationSec":null,"timestampSec":null,"createdAt":"2026-10-26T19:59:29.948Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-26T19:59:29.948Z"},{"id":"b7968337-f42b-47d6-9c0b-76a09266a6a5","regulationId":"26f86eb4-d10b-456d-8c67-49fff97234bb","url":"https://www.hse.gov.uk/work-equipment-machinery/mobile.htm","label":"Mobile work equipment","publishedAt":null,"notes":null,"title":"Mobile work equipment","sourceName":"Health and Safety Executive","mediaType":"article","videoId":null,"channel":null,"durationSec":null,"timestampSec":null,"createdAt":"2026-10-26T19:59:30.876Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-26T19:59:30.876Z"}],"statusEvents":[],"jsonLd":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Legislation","@id":"https://registry.deploy.report/regulations/uk-puwer-1998","url":"https://registry.deploy.report/regulations/uk-puwer-1998","name":"UK Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER): duties on businesses that use robots as work equipment","description":"SI 1998/2306 came into force on 5 December 1998. It places duties on people and companies that own, operate or control work equipment, and on those who provide it for others' use. Work equipment includes any machinery or installation used at work, and use includes starting, stopping, programming, repairing and maintaining. Equipment must be suitable, maintained, inspected where safety depends on installation, guarded against dangerous parts, fitted with safe controls and isolation, and used only by people with adequate information and training. Regulations 25 to 30 add duties for mobile work equipment; HSE guidance says remote-controlled self-propelled equipment must stop safely and automatically if it leaves its control range and be protected against crushing or impact with people. When providing new machinery, users must check it carries conformity marking, a declaration of conformity and English instructions; supplier marking does not end the user's duty. Status: in force (Great Britain). Applicability: any business deploying humanoids, AMRs or cobots in a GB workplace must meet PUWER for that equipment. Verified on 2026-10-26.","identifier":"26f86eb4-d10b-456d-8c67-49fff97234bb","legislationDate":"1998-12-05T00:00:00.000Z","legislationApplies":{"@type":"Place","name":"United Kingdom"},"publisher":{"@id":"https://deploy.report/#organization"}},"framework_metadata":{"framework_schema_version":"0.1.0","verification_status":"unreviewed","maturity_stage":null,"lifecycle_state":null,"architectural_position":{"cohort":null,"sub_cohorts":[]},"within_cohort_verified_vs_claimed_pair":null,"cap_flags":[],"verification_depth":{"sources_count":4,"primary_source_types":[]}}}