{"id":"47716643-8aba-406d-822c-2ab68fe6417f","modelId":"27961302-a1dd-4a6e-8a26-cb1f2ef64d2a","versionId":null,"locationId":"45f67762-10f4-4255-be84-45c73efe25f9","operatorId":null,"ownerId":null,"slug":"torc-cr-england-pilot","status":"pilot","firstSeen":"2023-05-09T12:00:00.000Z","manufacturerSerial":null,"reviewStatus":"reviewed","sources":[{"url":"https://torc.ai/torc-robotics-partners-with-c-r-england-on-level-4-autonomy-pilot/","title":"Torc partners with C.R. England on an L4 autonomy pilot (May 9, 2023)","sourceName":"Torc Robotics (official)"},{"url":"https://www.ccjdigital.com/equipment-controls/autonomous/article/15447368/torc-robotics-cr-england-to-pilot-autonomous-trucks","title":"Torc Robotics and C.R. England to pilot autonomous trucks (May 2023)","sourceName":"Commercial Carrier Journal"}],"notes":"Torc L4 autonomy pilot with C.R. England, hauling refrigerated/temperature-controlled freight on Texas lanes with a safety driver present. Pre-commercial.","keyFacts":[{"label":"Operator","value":"C.R. England (refrigerated carrier)"},{"label":"Status","value":"Supervised L4 pilot (safety driver); pre-commercial"}],"reviewNote":null,"createdAt":"2026-05-31T05:24:55.421Z","updatedAt":"2026-05-31T05:24:55.421Z","model":{"id":"27961302-a1dd-4a6e-8a26-cb1f2ef64d2a","companyId":"9074d4e8-7635-44b1-8eb7-45dba4bab99a","modelName":"Autonomous Freightliner Cascadia (Torc)","slug":"torc-freightliner-cascadia","description":"Daimler Truck's 5th-generation autonomous-ready Freightliner Cascadia, engineered with redundant braking and steering and 1,500+ requirements for series production, integrated with Torc's Virtual Driver. Pre-commercial: in supervised freight pilots, with a commercial driver-out launch targeted for 2027.","formFactor":"truck","maturityStage":"pilot","lifecycleState":"active","supersededByModelId":null,"specs":{"oem":"Daimler Truck (Freightliner Cascadia, 5th-gen autonomous-ready)","type":"Class 8 autonomous truck","status":"pre-commercial, supervised pilots; 2027 commercial target","autonomy":"Torc Virtual Driver (L4)"},"manufacturerSerial":null,"reviewStatus":"reviewed","sources":[{"url":"https://northamerica.daimlertruck.com/news-stories/2025/autonomous-driving-daimler-truck-delivers-latest-iteration-of-autonomous-ready-truck-platform-to-torc","title":"Daimler Truck delivers the 5th-gen autonomous-ready truck platform to Torc (Apr 17, 2025)","sourceName":"Daimler Truck North America (official)"},{"url":"https://torc.ai/daimler-trucks-autonomous-ready-fifth-generation-freightliner-cascadia-torc-texas/","title":"Daimler's autonomous-ready 5th-gen Freightliner Cascadia hits Texas roads with Torc (2025)","sourceName":"Torc Robotics (official)"},{"url":"https://www.fleetowner.com/technology/article/55284655/daimler-truck-unveils-autonomous-ready-freightliner-cascadia-for-torc-robotics-testing-fleet","title":"Daimler unveils the autonomous-ready Freightliner Cascadia for Torc's testing fleet (2025)","sourceName":"FleetOwner"}],"aliases":["Freightliner Cascadia Autonomous","Torc Cascadia"],"collisionRisk":"low","reviewNote":null,"manufacturerTermForTeleop":null,"createdAt":"2026-05-31T05:24:54.566Z","updatedAt":"2026-05-31T05:24:54.566Z","company":{"id":"9074d4e8-7635-44b1-8eb7-45dba4bab99a","name":"Torc Robotics","slug":"torc","description":"American autonomous-trucking company (founded 2005 in Blacksburg, Virginia; originally Tele-Operated Robotic Controls), one of the oldest AV companies, majority-owned by Daimler Truck since 2019. Develops the Virtual Driver (L4) for the autonomous-ready Freightliner Cascadia. Pre-commercial: it completed a driver-out validation on a closed course in Texas (2024) and targets a commercial launch in 2027 from its Fort Worth autonomous hub.","status":"private","founded":2005,"hq":"Blacksburg, Virginia, USA","fundingTotal":null,"type":"both","reviewStatus":"reviewed","sources":[{"url":"https://torc.ai/about-us/","title":"About Torc Robotics (founded 2005, Blacksburg VA)","sourceName":"Torc Robotics (official)"},{"url":"https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/daimler-trucks-agrees-to-acquire-majority-stake-in-torc-robotics-to-create-technology-powerhouse-for-automated-trucks-300820987.html","title":"Daimler Trucks to acquire a majority stake in Torc Robotics (Mar 29, 2019)","sourceName":"Daimler (PR Newswire)"},{"url":"https://techcrunch.com/2019/03/29/daimler-acquires-torc-robotics/","title":"Daimler buys a majority stake in Torc Robotics (Mar 29, 2019)","sourceName":"TechCrunch"},{"url":"https://www.fleetowner.com/technology/autonomous-vehicles/article/21703648/daimler-takes-majority-stake-in-torc-robotics","title":"Daimler takes a majority stake in Torc Robotics (Mar 2019)","sourceName":"FleetOwner"},{"url":"https://torc.ai/torc-autonomous-product-validation-driver-out/","title":"Torc completes a fully autonomous (driver-out) product validation, closed course Texas, up to 65 mph (Oct 29, 2024)","sourceName":"Torc Robotics (official)"},{"url":"https://northamerica.daimlertruck.com/news-stories/2024/autonomous-driving-daimler-truck-subsidiary-torc-robotics-achieves-driver-out-validation-milestone","title":"Torc Robotics achieves a driver-out validation milestone (Oct 31, 2024)","sourceName":"Daimler Truck North America (official)"},{"url":"https://www.ttnews.com/articles/torc-no-driver-testing","title":"Torc validates a fully driverless truck on a test track (Oct/Nov 2024)","sourceName":"Transport Topics"},{"url":"https://torc.ai/autonomous-truck-hub-dallas-fort-worth-testing-commercial-operations/","title":"Torc signs a lease for a new autonomous truck hub in DFW (2025)","sourceName":"Torc Robotics (official)"},{"url":"https://torc.ai/torc-opens-first-autonomous-hub-fort-worth-celebrates-commercialization-era/","title":"Torc opens its first autonomous hub in Fort Worth; 2027 market entry (May 15, 2025)","sourceName":"Torc Robotics (official)"},{"url":"https://www.truckingdive.com/news/torc-robotics-opens-autonomous-hub-texas/749139/","title":"Torc Robotics opens its first autonomous hub in Texas (May 2025)","sourceName":"Trucking Dive"},{"url":"https://www.ttnews.com/articles/torc-autonomous-launch-27","title":"Torc lays out a road map to an autonomous-truck launch in 2027","sourceName":"Transport Topics"}],"keyFacts":[{"label":"Founded","value":"2005, Blacksburg VA (orig. 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