Index
Robot brains
The AI foundation models, VLAs, world models, frameworks, and OS-layers that animate robots in the registry. A brain is the cognitive identity of a robot, distinct from the body that runs it.
Maturity stages apply DEPLOY's ladder (research / pilot / commercial / production), not source-list labels. "Released and in use" is usually research or commercial, not production.
- Aurora DriverFoundation model · Commercial
Aurora's SAE Level 4 autonomous-driving system for trucks: the common autonomy platform (sensing, including long-range lidar, plus redundant compute and the driving software) that operates Class 8 trucks driverlessly. Integrated across PACCAR, International (Navistar), and Volvo truck platforms.
- Bot Auto Autonomous Driving SystemFoundation model · Commercial
Bot Auto's Level 4 autonomous-driving system: a transformer-based, end-to-end ('foundation-to-all') neural network using camera, radar, and lidar with redundant power/steering/braking. It has no separate product brand name (referred to generically as Bot Auto's autonomous driving system). Operated Bot Auto's first fully humanless commercial truckload in April 2026.
- Einride DriverFoundation model · Commercial
Einride's proprietary Autonomous Drive Stack (the Einride Driver), the Level 4 system that operates the cabless electric Einride Pod on public roads under remote supervision (a Remote Pod Operator monitors). Distinct from Saga, Einride's AI-powered freight operating system (fleet/route layer). Runs full-time daily commercial autonomous operations (e.g. for GE Appliances) and completed the world-first cabless autonomous border crossing (Norway-Sweden, 2025).
- Embark DriverFoundation model · Research
Embark's Level-4 autonomous-driving stack for long-haul trucks. Reached test/pilot operation with safety drivers but never observer-free commercial deployment. Defunct: Embark wound down in 2023 and its IP was acquired by Applied Intuition.
- Gatik DriverFoundation model · Commercial
Gatik's L4 autonomous-driving system (3rd-generation) for fixed, repeatable middle-mile routes, paired with the Gatik Arena simulation platform (built on NVIDIA Cosmos) and NVIDIA DRIVE AGX Thor in-vehicle compute. Operates Class 6/7 box trucks driverlessly on commercial routes.
- Kodiak DriverFoundation model · Commercial
Kodiak's SAE Level 4 autonomous-driving system for Class 8 trucks: sensing (LiDAR, radar, cameras in field-swappable SensorPods), redundant compute, and redundant steering/braking, running customer-owned trucks driverlessly. Compute on NVIDIA DRIVE; hardware scaled with Bosch.
- Plus SuperDriveFoundation model · Pilot
Plus's SAE Level 4 'virtual driver' (SuperDrive): a factory-installable autonomous-driving system designed for OEM integration into production trucks. In development and supervised fleet-trial stage (NVIDIA world-model collaboration; SuperDrive 6.0). No verified driver-out commercial freight yet; driverless validation targeted 2026.
- Stack AV Autonomous Driving SystemFoundation model · Research
Stack AV's Level-4 autonomous-driving system for Class 8 trucks: a multi-sensor stack (lidar, radar, camera, AI-based perception). It has no separate product brand name and is development-stage; no verified driverless commercial operation as of 2026-05-30.
- Tesla FSD-BotFoundation model · Pilot
Tesla's neural-net brain derived from the FSD vehicle stack plus Dojo training infrastructure. V3 is expected to run on Tesla's AI5 inference chip (taped out April 2026); Musk states AI5 has roughly 5x the memory bandwidth of its predecessor (AI4) and will ship first in Optimus, though these remain Musk-stated figures pending independent verification. On-device, vision-based, sharing architecture with Tesla vehicles. The Tesla AI-silicon advantage (FSD plus Dojo) is a real engineering edge. Less specified than Figure 03's stack was at the equivalent stage; full V3 specs are unknown as of mid-2026, with a summer 2026 unveil expected. Verified-vs-claimed: FSD-as-precedent is mixed; 'almost done' for nearly a decade.
- Torc Virtual DriverFoundation model · Pilot
Torc's Level 4 autonomy software suite (the Virtual Driver): middleware/OS, perception, prediction, planning, motion control, and mission control. It runs on Daimler Truck's autonomous-ready Freightliner Cascadia; architecturally described as propulsion-agnostic, but it is integrated only on Freightliner today. Compute on NVIDIA (DRIVE). Pre-commercial: driver-out validated on a closed course (2024), supervised freight pilots ongoing, commercial launch target 2027.
- TuSimple Autonomous Driving SystemFoundation model · Research
TuSimple's Level-4 autonomous-driving stack for long-haul trucks. Reached freight pilots and isolated driver-out demonstration runs but never sustained observer-free commercial. US self-driving operations were wound down after the company's 2024 delisting; the company rebranded to CreateAI and pivoted away from trucking.
- Waabi DriverFoundation model · Pilot
Waabi's end-to-end, generative-AI L4 autonomy system for trucks: a single interpretable foundation-model-style stack trained and validated in Waabi World, a generative simulator (the 'teacher' that trains the Waabi Driver 'student'). Includes the Copilot4D world model. Integrated into the Volvo VNL Autonomous; runs with a safety driver pending driver-out validation.
- Waymo DriverFoundation model · Commercial
Waymo's autonomous driving system (the Waymo Driver), now in its sixth generation, integrating a 360-degree sensor suite (cameras, lidar, radar) with perception, prediction, and planning to run fully-driverless robotaxi service. Waymo's research includes EMMA, a Gemini-powered end-to-end multimodal driving model that remains research-stage and is not deployed in production vehicles.
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