DiDi x Volvo Cars (Robotaxi)

[Didi Chuxing](/companies/didi-chuxing) is China's largest ride-hailing and mobility technology platform, headquartered in Beijing. Founded in 2012 by Cheng Wei, it operates taxi-hailing, private car, ridesharing, food delivery, and bike-sharing services across China, Latin America, Asia-Pacific, and Africa. Its autonomous driving division develops L4 robotaxi technology and has partnered with [Volvo Cars](/companies/volvo-cars) and GAC Group to build mass-production-ready self-driving vehicle platforms, while the company sold its EV development project (codenamed Mona) to [XPeng](/companies/xpeng) in 2023.

Swedish passenger-car maker (founded 1927; separate from [Volvo group](/companies/ab-volvo) trucks/buses entity). First global production car maker to standardize LiDAR: the EX90 features Luminar Iris LiDAR integrated into the roofline for safety and perception.