DEPLOYThe reference layer for physical AI

Brain

Redwood AI

Redwood AI is 1X Technologies' onboard vision-language-action control model for the NEO humanoid, recorded in the registry as a brain distinct from the separate 1X World Model. A roughly 160-million-parameter vision-language transformer tailored to the humanoid form factor, Redwood runs fully onboard NEO's embedded GPU at about 5 Hz and serves as the deployed real-time control and action policy, performing end-to-end mobile bi-manual manipulation, whole-body control, navigation, retrieving objects, and opening doors, trained on teleoperated and autonomous EVE and NEO episodes including learning from failure rollouts. It is distinct from the 1X World Model, a generative physics-grounded world model released in January 2026 for prediction, training, and evaluation: Redwood is the on-robot controller while the World Model is a generative simulation and learning substrate whose outputs are translated to motion by a separate inverse-dynamics model, so the two differ in model class, deployment role, release date, and training method rather than one being a rebrand of the other. Released around June 10, 2025, Redwood is closed and proprietary and is recorded at pilot maturity: it runs on real early-access NEO units offered at twenty thousand dollars or four hundred ninety-nine dollars per month, but 1X describes it as early in development that does not always succeed on the first try, and autonomous operation in customer homes is a stated goal rather than verified, so it is not presented as mass-shipped production.

Foundation model · Maturity: Pilot · Closed · Powers 1 robot

Machine-readable surfaces

Architecture

160M-parameter vision-language-action (VLA) transformer; onboard, ~5Hz; end-to-end mobile manipulation

Key facts

Model class
~160M-parameter vision-language-action (VLA) transformer; runs fully onboard NEO's embedded GPU at ~5Hz; end-to-end mobile bi-manual manipulation + whole-body control + navigation. Trained on teleoperated + autonomous EVE/NEO episodes, learning from failure rollouts.
Distinct from 1X World Model (the distinctness call)
Redwood = the on-robot CONTROL policy (released ~Jun 10 2025). 1X World Model (registry slug 1x-world-model) = a GENERATIVE physics-grounded world model (Jan 2026) for prediction/training/evaluation, whose outputs are converted to motion by a separate inverse-dynamics model. Different model class, deployment role, release date, and training methodology - NOT a rebrand or subset. This is a verified genuine net-new, not the false-absent pattern.
Brain-boundary test
PASS - named onboard foundation control model with a published artifact (1x.tech technical page) AND demonstrated on-robot wiring (runs across NEO). AI-as-primary.
Open/closed
Closed / proprietary - no open release stated by 1X (cap-flag: licensing not explicitly disclosed; treated closed pending confirmation, same gap as the 1X World Model).
Maturity = pilot (cap-flag)
Runs on REAL early-access NEO units ($20K or $499/mo), but 1X explicitly calls it early in development that doesn't always succeed first try; autonomous operation in customer homes is a stated goal, not verified. Recorded pilot, not mass-shipped production.
Wiring
Powers 1x-neo (the NEO humanoid). Verifiable: Redwood IS NEO's onboard control policy (1X-stated + on-robot demonstrated).

Developed by (1)

Powers (1)

  • NEO1X Technologies · humanoid

Common questions

What is Redwood AI?
Redwood AI is 1X Technologies' onboard vision-language-action control model for the NEO humanoid, recorded in the registry as a brain distinct from the separate 1X World Model. A roughly 160-million-parameter vision-language transformer tailored to the humanoid form factor, Redwood runs fully onboard NEO's embedded GPU at about 5 Hz and serves as the deployed real-time control and action policy, performing end-to-end mobile bi-manual manipulation, whole-body control, navigation, retrieving objects, and opening doors, trained on teleoperated and autonomous EVE and NEO episodes including learning from failure rollouts. It is distinct from the 1X World Model, a generative physics-grounded world model released in January 2026 for prediction, training, and evaluation: Redwood is the on-robot controller while the World Model is a generative simulation and learning substrate whose outputs are translated to motion by a separate inverse-dynamics model, so the two differ in model class, deployment role, release date, and training method rather than one being a rebrand of the other. Released around June 10, 2025, Redwood is closed and proprietary and is recorded at pilot maturity: it runs on real early-access NEO units offered at twenty thousand dollars or four hundred ninety-nine dollars per month, but 1X describes it as early in development that does not always succeed on the first try, and autonomous operation in customer homes is a stated goal rather than verified, so it is not presented as mass-shipped production.
What type of AI is Redwood AI?
Redwood AI is a foundation model on the DEPLOY registry. It is proprietary.
Who developed Redwood AI?
Redwood AI is credited to 1X Technologies on the DEPLOY registry. Each developer attribution is verified via primary sources.
Which robots run on Redwood AI?
1 robot model on the DEPLOY registry runs on Redwood AI: NEO.
Is Redwood AI open source?
No. Redwood AI is recorded as proprietary on the DEPLOY registry. Model weights and source are not publicly available.
What is Redwood AI's maturity stage?
Redwood AI is at the pilot stage on the DEPLOY maturity ladder. Pilot stage means at least one named-customer trial deployment is verified.

Sources (4)

  1. https://www.1x.tech/discover/redwood-ai
  2. https://www.therobotreport.com/1xs-neo-humanoid-gains-autonomy-with-new-redwood-ai-model/
  3. https://www.humanoidsdaily.com/feed/1x-unveils-redwood-ai-a-unified-onboard-brain-for-its-neo-humanoid-robots
  4. https://techcrunch.com/2026/01/13/neo-humanoid-maker-1x-releases-world-model-to-help-bots-learn-what-they-see/

Related brains

Canonical ID 32c15d38-a0e4-4f8c-926c-8b962d4cfd41