DEPLOYDatabase

Regulation · Other

EU General Product Safety Regulation (EU) 2023/988: safety-net rules for consumer products, applicable since 13 December 2024

Regulation (EU) 2023/988, adopted 10 May 2023, has applied since 13 December 2024 and replaced the General Product Safety Directive 2001/95/EC. It covers consumer products (new, used, repaired or reconditioned, including online sales) and acts as a safety net for products, or aspects of products, not covered by specific EU harmonisation law.

Manufacturers must carry out a risk analysis and hold technical documentation before placing products on the market, and each product needs a responsible economic operator in the EU. The Commission describes AI-related features and cybersecurity as part of the risks the regulation addresses. Status: in force and applicable.

Applicability: relevant to consumer-facing robots (home, companion and personal service robots) for risks not covered by the Machinery Regulation or other sector law; professional-only machinery is mainly governed by machinery law. Verified on 2026-10-26.

Jurisdiction: European Union · Effective 2024-12-13

Machine-readable surfaces

Sources (2)

  1. EU's General Product Safety Regulation (GPSR): a new era of consumer protection · https://trade.ec.europa.eu/access-to-markets/en/news/eus-general-product-safety-regulation-gpsr-new-era-consumer-protection · 2025-01-06
  2. Regulation 2023/988/EU: general product safety · https://osha.europa.eu/en/legislation/directive/regulation-2023988eu-general-product-safety

Common questions

What does EU General Product Safety Regulation (EU) 2023/988: safety-net rules for consumer products, applicable since 13 December 2024 cover?
Regulation (EU) 2023/988, adopted 10 May 2023, has applied since 13 December 2024 and replaced the General Product Safety Directive 2001/95/EC. It covers consumer products (new, used, repaired or reconditioned, including online sales) and acts as a safety net for products, or aspects of products, not covered by specific EU harmonisation law. Manufacturers must carry out a risk analysis and hold technical documentation before placing products on the market, and each product needs a responsible economic operator in the EU. The Commission describes AI-related features and cybersecurity as part of the risks the regulation addresses. Status: in force and applicable. Applicability: relevant to consumer-facing robots (home, companion and personal service robots) for risks not covered by the Machinery Regulation or other sector law; professional-only machinery is mainly governed by machinery law. Verified on 2026-10-26.
Where does EU General Product Safety Regulation (EU) 2023/988: safety-net rules for consumer products, applicable since 13 December 2024 apply?
EU General Product Safety Regulation (EU) 2023/988: safety-net rules for consumer products, applicable since 13 December 2024 is recorded as a other applying in European Union on the DEPLOY registry.
When did EU General Product Safety Regulation (EU) 2023/988: safety-net rules for consumer products, applicable since 13 December 2024 take effect?
EU General Product Safety Regulation (EU) 2023/988: safety-net rules for consumer products, applicable since 13 December 2024 is recorded as effective December 13, 2024 on the DEPLOY registry.
Is EU General Product Safety Regulation (EU) 2023/988: safety-net rules for consumer products, applicable since 13 December 2024 still in effect?
EU General Product Safety Regulation (EU) 2023/988: safety-net rules for consumer products, applicable since 13 December 2024 is currently in effect and applies to covered operators in the named jurisdiction.
What types of robots does EU General Product Safety Regulation (EU) 2023/988: safety-net rules for consumer products, applicable since 13 December 2024 apply to?
EU General Product Safety Regulation (EU) 2023/988: safety-net rules for consumer products, applicable since 13 December 2024 is recorded as applying to humanoid robots, service robots, robots on the DEPLOY registry.
Which robot models on the DEPLOY registry fall under EU General Product Safety Regulation (EU) 2023/988: safety-net rules for consumer products, applicable since 13 December 2024?
8 robot models on the DEPLOY registry match the form-factor scope of EU General Product Safety Regulation (EU) 2023/988: safety-net rules for consumer products, applicable since 13 December 2024: 10Beauty Manicure System, 3D Tissue Braiding Platform, 4NE-1, 7 Series DPO Oscilloscope and 4 others. Form-factor scope match does not by itself establish compliance status; review the underlying primary sources for each operator.
Methodology: Unreviewed · 2 sources (no primary) · last reviewed 2026-10-26

Verification posture

Unreviewed

Low confidence

Review state

Stable

Last reviewed 2026-10-26

Architectural position

Cohort: humanoid

Sources by quality tier

2
unclassified
Unclassified source

The framework is documented at /methodology. Corrections at /corrections. Reviewer: DEPLOY editorial team.

Methodology surface for EU General Product Safety Regulation (EU) 2023/988: safety-net rules for consumer products, applicable since 13 December 2024.

Canonical ID 54b8615f-73ab-43ce-9140-e51e0b67dd00